Reconstructing Plant Root Area and Water Uptake Profiles

Kiona Ogle1 and Robert L. Wolpert2,3 and James F. Reynolds1,3

Duke University Department of Biology1, Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences2, and Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences3

March 2003

A major challenge in plant ecology is quantifying how roots interact with the soil to obtain water and nutrients. A stable isotope analysis of hydrogen and oxygen bound in plant and soil water is one of the best and leat destructive methods for elucidating plant-soil interactions. Plant roots obtain water from various depths in the soil and the isotopic signature of plant stem water reflects the soil water sources. However, current methods for inferring plant water sources based on stable isotopes ("simple linear mixing models") are limited. First, their formulation restricts the number of water sources to a maximum of three (e.g., surface, intermediate, deep soil water); estimation of additional sources leads to an identifiability problem. Second, simple linear mixing models do not appropriately reflect uncertainty, and most importantly, they cannot be employed to elucidate behavior of the root system itself such as root activity for water uptake. This study introduces the RAPID (Root Area Profile and Isotope Deconvolution) algorithm, a novel and powerful approach for reconstructing plant water update and root area profiles. The RAPID algorithm overcomes the nonidentifiability problem by incorporating a biophysical model for root water uptake into a Bayesian framework such that the biophysics and prior distributions place biologically realistic constraints on the profiles. Posterior distributions for the proportions of active root area and water acquired from each soil layer are obtained via Markoov chain Monte Carlo. Finally, RAPID is applied to cata collected for a desert shrub and employed to examine sampling implications.

Keywords: dD; d180; Larrea tridentata; Bayesian; MCMC; RAPID; creosotebush; deconvolution; identifiability; inverse problem; plant water relations; soil texture; soil water; water uptake.


The manuscript is available in PostScript (1.97mb) and PDF (785kb) formats. It is scheduled to appear in the July 2004 issue of Ecology. Cite as:

@Article{ogle:wolp:reyn:2004,
      Author = "Kiona Ogle and Robert L. Wolpert and James F. Reynolds",
       Title = "Reconstructing Plant Root Area and Water Uptake Profiles",
     Journal = "Ecology",
        Year = 2004,
       Month = jul,
      Volume = 85,
      Number = 7,
       Pages = "1967--1978",
         URL = "http://ftp.stat.duke.edu/pub/WorkingPapers/03-06.html",
}